Tails I386 - 2.0 [Iso - MultiLang] Setup Free

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Tails I386 - 2.0 [Iso - MultiLang] Setup Free

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At present, BFD is not distributed separately; it is included withpackages that use it.Binutils (BinCD, SrcCD)Binutils includes these programs:addr2line,ar,c++filt,gas,gprof,ld,nm,objcopy,objdump,ranlib,size,strings,&strip.Binutils version 2 uses the BFD library. The GNU assembler, gas,supports the a29k, Alpha, ARM, D10V, H8/300, H8/500,HP-PA, i386, i960, M32R, m68k, m88k, MIPS, Matsushita 10200 and 10300,NS32K, PowerPC, RS/6000, SH, SPARC, Tahoe, Vax, and Z8000 CPUs, andattempts to be compatiblewith many other assemblers for Unix and embedded systems. It can producemixed C and assembly listings, and includes a macro facility similar tothat in some other assemblers.GNU's linker, ld, supports shared libraries on many systems,emits source-linenumbered error messages for multiply-defined symbols and undefinedreferences, and interprets a superset of AT&T's Linker Command Language,which gives control over where segments are placed in memory.objdump can disassemble code for most of the CPUs listed above, andcan display other data (e.g., symbols and relocations) from any file formatread by BFD.Bison (BinCD, SrcCD) [FSFman, FSFrc]Bison is an upwardly compatible replacement for the parser generatoryacc. Texinfo source for the Bison Manualand reference card are included.C Library (glibc) (BinCD, SrcCD) [FSFman]The GNU C library supports ISO C-1989, ISO C/amendment 1-1995, POSIX1003.1-1990, POSIX 1003.1b-1993, POSIX 1003.1c-1995 (when the underlyingsystem permits), & most of the functions in POSIX 1003.2-1992.It is nearly compliant with the extended XPG4.2 specification whichguarantees upward compatibility with 4.4BSD & many System V functions.When used with the GNU Hurd, the C Library performs many functions of theUnix system calls directly. Mike Haertel has written a fast mallocwhich wastes less memory than the old GNU version.GNU stdio lets you define new kinds of streams, just by writing afew C functions. Two methods for handling translated messages helpwriting internationalized programs & the user can adopt theenvironment the program runs in to conform with localconventions. Extended getopt functions are already used toparse options, including long options, in many GNU utilities. Thename lookup functions now are modularized which makes it easier toselect the service which is needed for the specific database & thedocument interface makes it easy to add new services. Texinfo sourcefor the GNU C Library Reference Manual is included(see section GNU Documentation).Previous versions of the GNU C library ran on a large number ofsystems. The architecture-dependent parts of the C library have not beenupdated since development on version 2.0 started, so today itruns out of the box only on GNU/Hurd (all platforms GNU/Hurdalso runs on) & GNU/Linux (ix86, Alpha, m68k, MIPS, Sparc, PowerPC;work is in progress for ARM).Other architectures will become available againas soon as somebody does the port.Calc (SrcCD) [FSFman, FSFrc]Calc (written by Dave Gillespie in Emacs Lisp) is an extensible, advanceddesk calculator & mathematical tool that runs as part of GNU Emacs. Youcan use Calc as a simple four-function calculator, but it has manymore features including: choice of algebraic or RPN (stack-based) entry;logarithmic, trigonometric, & financial functions; arbitrary precision;complex numbers; vectors; matrices; dates; times; infinities; sets;algebraic simplification; & differentiation & integration.It outputs to gnuplot, &comes with source for a manual & reference card(see section GNU Documentation).cfengine (SrcCD)cfengine is used to maintain site-wide configuration of aheterogeneous Unix network using a simple high level language. Itsappearance is similar to rdist, but allows many more operationsto be performed automatically.See Mark Burgess, "A Site Configuration Engine", ComputingSystems, Vol. 8, No. 3 (ask office@usenix.org how toget a copy).Chess (SrcCD)GNU Chess enables you to play a game of chess with a computer insteadof a person.It is useful to practice with when there are significantspare cpu cycles and a real person is unavailable.The program offers a plain terminal interface, one using curses,and a reasonable X Windows interface xboard. Best resultsare obtained by compiling with GCC.Improvements this past year are in the Windows-compatible version,mostly bugfixes.Stuart Cracraft started the GNU mascot back in the mid-1980's.John Stanback (and innumerable contributors) are responsible forGNU's brain development and its fair play.Acknowledgements for the past year's work are due Conor McCarthy.Send bugs to bug-gnu-chess@gnu.org &general comments to info-gnu-chess@gnu.org.Visit the author's Web site at` cracraft/index.html'.Play GNU Chess on the Web at` -room/chess'.CLISP (SrcCD)CLISP is a Common Lisp implementation by Bruno Haible & Michael Stoll. Itmostly supports the Lisp described by Common LISP: The Language (2ndedition) & the ANSI Common Lisp standard. CLISP includes an interpreter,a byte-compiler, a large subset of CLOS & a foreign language interface.The user interface language (English, German, French, Spanish) can bechosen at run time. An X11 API is available through CLX & Garnet. CLISPneeds only 2 MB of memory & runs on all kinds of systems (Unix, MS-DOS,OS/2, Windows NT, Windows 95, Amiga 500--4000, Acorn RISC PC). See alsoitem "Common Lisp", which describes GCL, a complete Common Lispimplementation with compiler.CLX (SrcCD)CLX is an X Window interface library for GCL.This is separate from the built-in TK interface.Common Lisp (gcl) (SrcCD)GNU Common Lisp (GCL, formerly known as Kyoto Common Lisp) is a compiler& interpreter for Common Lisp.GCL is very portable & extremelyefficient on a wide class of applications, & compares favorably inperformance with commercial Lisps on several large theorem--prover &symbolic algebra systems. GCL supports the CLtL1 specification but ismoving towards the proposed ANSI standard.GCL compiles to C & then uses the native optimizing C compiler (e.g.,GCC). A function with a fixed number of args & one value turns into a Cfunction of the same number of args, returning one value--so GCL ismaximally efficient on such calls. Its conservative garbage collectorgives great freedom to the C compiler to put Lisp values inregisters. It has a source level Lisp debugger for interpretedcode & displays source code in an Emacs window. Its profiler(based on the C profiling tools) counts function calls & the time spent ineach function.There is now a built-in interface to the Tk widget system. It runsin a separate process, so users may monitor progress on Lispcomputations or interact with running computations via a windowinginterface.There is also an Xlib interface via C (xgcl-2). CLX runs with GCL, asdoes PCL (see"PCL" later in this article).GCL version 2.2.2 is released under the GNU Library General PublicLicense.cook (SrcCD)Cook is a tool for constructing files,and maintaining referential integrity between files.It is given a set of files to create,and recipes of how to create and maintain them.In any non-trivial program there will be prerequisitesto performing the actions necessary to creating any file,such as include files.The cook program provides a mechanism to define these.Some features which distinguish Cook includea strong procedural description language,and fingerprints to supplement file modification time stamps.There is also a make2cook utility included to ease transition.cpio (SrcCD)cpio is an archive program with all the features of SVR4cpio, including support for the final POSIX 1003.1 ustarstandard. mt, a program to position magnetic tapes, is included withcpio.CVS (SrcCD)CVS is a version control system (like RCS or SCCS) which allows you tokeep old versions of files (usually source code), keep a log of who,when, and why changes occurred, etc. It handles multiple developers,multiple directories, triggers to enable/log/control various operations,and can work over a wide area network. It does not handle buildmanagement or bug-tracking; these are handled by make and GNATS,respectively.cxref (SrcCD)cxref is a program that willproduce documentation (in LaTeX or HTML)including cross-referencesfrom C program source code.It has been designed to work with ANSI C, incorporating K&R,and most popular GNU extensions.The documentation for the subject programis produced from comments in the codethat are appropriately formatted.The cross referencing comes from the code itselfand requires no extra work.DDD (SrcCD)The Data Display Debugger (DDD) is a common graphical user interfaceto GDB, DBX, and XDB, the popular Unix debuggers.DDD provides a graphical data displaywhere complex data structurescan be explored incrementally and interactively.DDD has been designed to compete withwell-known commercial debuggers;as of release 2.1.1, DDD also compiles and runs withLessTif, a free Motif clone,without loss of functionality.For more details, see the DDD Web page at` -bs.de/softech/ddd/'.DejaGnu (SrcCD)DejaGnu is a framework to test programs with a single front end for alltests. DejaGnu's flexibility & consistency makes it easy to writetests.DejaGnu will also work with remote hosts and embedded systems.DejaGnu comes with expect, which runs scripts to conduct dialogswith programs.Diffutils (SrcCD)GNU diff compares files showing line-by-line changes in severalflexible formats. It is much faster than traditional Unix versions. TheDiffutils package has diff, diff3, sdiff, &cmp.Future plans include supportfor internationalization (e.g., error messages in Chinese) & somenon-Unix PC environments, & a library interface that can be used byother free software.DJGPP Also see "GCC" below (BinCD)DJ Delorie has ported GCC/G++ to i386s running DOS. DJGPP has a 32-biti386 DOS extender with a symbolic debugger, development libraries, & portsof Bison, flex, & Binutils. Full source code is provided.It needs at least 5MB of hard disk space to install & 512Kof RAM to use.It supports SVGA (up to 1024x768),XMS & VDISK memory allocation,himem.sys,VCPI (e.g., QEMM, DESQview, & 386MAX), &DPMI (e.g., Windows 3.x, OS/2, QEMM, & QDPMI).Version 2 was released in Feb. 1996, & needs a DPMIenvironment; a free DPMI server is included.Web at ` ' orFTP from ftp.simtel.net in`/pub/simtelnet/gnu/djgpp/' (or a SimTel mirror site).Ask listserv@delorie.com,to join a DJGPP users mailing list.dld (SrcCD)dld is a dynamic linker written by W. Wilson Ho. Linking yourprogram with the dld library allows you to dynamically load objectfiles into the running binary. dld supports a.out object types onthe following platforms: Convex C-Series (BSD), i386/i486/Pentium (GNU/Linux),Sequent Symmetry i386 (Dynix 3), Sun-3 (SunOS 3 & 4), Sun-4 (SunOS 4), &VAX (Ultrix).doschk (SrcCD)This program is a utility to help software developers ensurethat their source file names are distinguishable on System V platforms with14-character filenames and on MS-DOS systems with 8+3 character filenames.ed (SrcCD)ed is the standard text editor.It is line-oriented and can be used interactively or in scripts.Elib (SrcCD)Elib is a small library of Emacs Lisp functions, including routines forusing AVL trees and doubly-linked lists.Elisp archive (SrcCD)This is a snapshot of Ohio State's GNU Emacs Lisp FTP Archive. FTP it fromarchive.cis.ohio-state.edu in`/pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive'.Emacs [FSFman(s), FSFrc]In 1975, Richard Stallman developed the first Emacs, an extensible,customizable real-time display editor & computing environment. GNU Emacsis his second implementation. It offers true Lisp--smoothly integratedinto the editor--for writing extensions & provides an interface to theX Window System. It runs on Unix, MS-DOS, & Windows NT or 95. In addition toits powerful native command set, Emacs can emulate theeditors vi & EDT (DEC's VMS editor). Emacs has many other features whichmake it a full computing support environment. Source forthe GNU Emacs Manual&a reference cardcomes with the software.Sources for the GNU Emacs Lisp Reference ManualandProgramming in Emacs Lisp: An Introductionare distributed in separate packages. See section GNU Documentation.Emacs 20 (SrcCD) [FSFman(s), FSFrc]The new features in Emacs 20 include support for many languages and manycharacter codes (the MULE facility) and a new convenient customizationfeature. The text-filling commands handle indented and bulleted paragraphsconveniently; there are new help facilities for looking up documentationabout functions and symbols in various languages. A new method offile-locking works even when using NFS. Some dired commands have been mademore systematic.We believe Emacs 20 operates on the same systems as Emacs 19,but we do not have confirmation for all of them.Emacs 19 (SrcCD) [FSFman(s), FSFrc]Emacs 19 works with character-only terminals & with the X Window System(with or without an X toolkit).It also runs on MS-DOS, MS Windows,and with multiple-window support on MS Windows 95/NT.Emacs 19 works on:Acorn RISC (RISCiX);Alliant FX/2800 (BSD);Alpha (OSF/1 or GNU/Linux);Apollo (DomainOS);Bull DPX/2 2nn & 3nn (SysV.3) & sps7 (SysV.2);Clipper;Convex (BSD);Cubix QBx (SysV);Data General Aviion (DGUX);DEC MIPS (Ultrix 4.2, OSF/1, not VMS);Elxsi 6400 (SysV);Gould Power Node & NP1 (4.2 & 4.3BSD);Harris Night Hawk 1200, 3000, 4000 & 5000 (cxux);Harris Night Hawk Power PC (powerunix);Honeywell XPS100 (SysV);HP 9000 series 200, 300, 700, 800 (but not 500) (4.3BSD; HP-UX 7, 8,9; NextStep);Intel i386/i486/Pentium (GNU/Hurd, GNU/Linux, 386BSD, AIX, BSDI/386, FreeBSD,Esix, ISC, MS-DOS,NetBSD, SCO3.2v4, Solaris, SysV, Xenix, WindowsNT, Windows95);IBM RS/6000 (AIX 3.2) & RT/PC (AIX, BSD);Motorola Delta 147 & 187 (SysV.3, SysV.4, m88kbcs);National Semiconductor 32K (Genix);NeXT (BSD, Mach 2 w/ NeXTStep 3.0);Paragon (OSF/1);Prime EXL (SysV);Pyramid (BSD);Sequent Symmetry (BSD, ptx);Siemens RM400 & RM600 (SysV);SGI Iris 4D (Irix 4.x & 5.x);Sony News/RISC (NewsOS);Stardent i860 (SysV);Sun 3 & 4, SPARC 1, 1+, 2, 10, Classic (SunOS 4.0, 4.1, Solaris 2.0--2.3);Tadpole 68k (SysV);Tektronix XD88 (SysV.3) & 4300 (BSD); &Titan P2 & P3 (SysV).Emacs 18 (SrcCD) [FSFrc]Emacs 18 is several years old. We no longer maintain it, but stilldistribute it for those using platforms which Emacs 19 does not support.enscript (SrcCD)enscript is an upwardly-compatible replacement for the Adobeenscript program. It formats ASCII files (outputting in Postscript)and stores generated output to a file or sends it directly to the printer.es (SrcCD)es is an extensible shell (based on rc) with first-classfunctions, lexical scope, exceptions, and rich return values (i.e.,functions can return values other than just numbers). es'sextensibility comes from the ability to modify and extend the shell'sbuilt-in services, such as path searching and redirection. Like rc,it is great for both interactive use and scripting, particularly sinceits quoting rules are much less baroque than the C and Bourne shells.Exim (SrcCD)Exim is an Internet mail transfer agent, similar in style to Smail 3.It can handle relatively high volume mail systems, header rewriting,control over which hosts/nets may use it as a relay, blocking ofunwanted mail from specified hosts/nets/senders, and multiple localdomains on one mail host ("virtual domains") with several options forthe way these are handled.f2c Also see "Fortran" below & in section Forthcoming GNUs. (SrcCD)f2c converts Fortran-77 source into C or C++, which can becompiled with GCC or G++. Get bug fixes by FTP from sitenetlib.bell-labs.com or by email fromnetlib@netlib.bell-labs.com.For a summary, see the file `/netlib/f2c/readme.gz'.ffcall (SrcCD)ffcall is a C library for implementing foreign function calls inembedded interpreters by Bill Triggs and Bruno Haible. It allows Cfunctions with arbitrary argument lists and return types to be calledor emulated (callbacks).Fileutils (SrcCD)The Fileutils are:chgrp,chmod,chown,cp,dd,df,dir,dircolors,du,install,ln,ls,mkdir,mkfifo,mknod,mv,rm,rmdir,sync,touch,&vdir.Findutils (SrcCD)find is frequently used both interactively and in shell scripts tofind files which match certain criteria and perform arbitrary operations onthem. Also included are locate, which scans a database for filenames that match a pattern, and xargs, which applies a command to alist of files.Finger (SrcCD)GNU Finger has more features than other finger programs. For sites withmany hosts, a single host may be designated as the finger serverhost and other hosts at that site configured as finger clients. Theserver host collects information about who is logged in on the clients. Tofinger a user at a GNU Finger site, a query to any of its client hosts getsuseful information. GNU Finger supports many customization features,including user output filters and site-programmable output for specialtarget names.flex (BinCD, SrcCD) [FSFman, FSFrc]flex is a replacement for the lex scanner generator.flex was written by Vern Paxson of the Lawrence Berkeley NationalLaboratory and generates far more efficient scanners than lex does.Sources for the Flex Manual and reference card are included(see section GNU Documentation).Fontutils (SrcCD)The Fontutilsconvert between font formats,create fonts for use with Ghostscript or TeX (starting with a scannedtype image & converting the bitmaps to outlines), etc. It includes:bpltobzr,bzrto,charspace,fontconvert,gsrenderfont,imageto,imgrotate,limn,&xbfe.Fortran (g77) Also see section Forthcoming GNUs (BinCD, SrcCD)GNU Fortran (g77), developed by Craig Burley, is available forpublic beta testing on the Internet. For now, g77 produces codethat is mostly object-compatible with f2c & uses the samerun-time library (libf2c).gawk (SrcCD) [FSFman]gawk is upwardly compatible with the latest POSIX specification ofawk. It also provides several useful extensions not found in otherawk implementations. Texinfo source for the The GNU AwkUser's Guide comes with the software (see section GNU Documentation).gcal (SrcCD)gcal is a program for printing calendars. It displays differentstyled calendar sheets, eternal holiday lists, and fixed date warninglists.GCC (BinCD, SrcCD) [FSFman]Version 2 of the GNU C Compiler supports the languages C, C++, andObjective-C; the sourcefile name suffix or a compiler option selects the language.(Also see "GNAT" later in this article for Ada language supports.)Objective-C support was donated by NeXT. The runtime support needed torun Objective-C programs is now distributed with GCC.(This does not includeany Objective-C classes aside from object, but see "GNUstep" insection Forthcoming GNUs.)G++ seeks to be compliant with the ANSI C++ language standard.GCC is a fairly portable optimizing compiler which performs manyoptimizations.They include:automatic registerallocation, common sub-expression elimination (CSE) (including a certainamount of CSE between basic blocks -- though not all the supported machinedescriptions provide for scheduling or delay slots), invariant code motionfrom loops, induction variable optimizations, constant propagation, copypropagation, delayed popping of function call arguments, tail recursionelimination, integration of inline functions & frame pointer elimination,instruction scheduling, loop unrolling, filling of delay slots, leaf functionoptimization, optimized multiplication by constants, the abil